SS Ch 3 Lesson 2 Notes

Social Studies Ch 3, Lesson 2

Using the Land

Early California Indians got their food, clothing, shelter, & tools from their environment.
Geography & climate affected what California Indians ate, wore, & what kinds of shelters they built.

Northern Coastal - Pomo
more than 70 villages
Lived in small, bowl-shaped shelters
- in rainy season (winter/spring) lived in villages
- built on the side of a hill to stay safe from floods
- after the rains they would burn their shelters & move
closer to a river, lake, or ocean
Tools: nets, spears, & traps for fishing, bow & arrow for hunting: birds, deer
Expert basket makers, baskets were used for gathering, storing,
& cooking food

North Central - Maidu
built villages on high ground to see strangers coming
Homes:
for cold weather - several families lived together, homes kept them warm in the winter, they were big round mound of earth with a hole in the top for a doorway, the floor was lower than the outside ground, log poles held up the roof
for warm weather - open-air shelters to let the breeze through, branches supported the rood of sticks, grass or dirt
Clothing: mocasins, animal skins & deer skins were used to keep them warm
Tools: flint knives & arrowheads
Food: hunted for bears, deer, elk, rabbits, birds
     fished for salmon, trout, & eels
    gathered plants, seeds, roots, insects, acorns, berries

Southern Coast - Gabrielino (where we live!)
built strong plank boats to carry people & goods to islands
Food: fished for swordfish, seals, & sharks
   hunted - rabbits, squirrels, deer & ducks
   acorn mush, pine nuts, seeds & fruits
Expert basket makers - baskets could carry water & cook liquids
Clothing: women made skirts of tule grass
Homes: made of tule mats & tree saplings

Desert - Mojave
Food: farmers near Colorado River - planted corn, beans & pumpkins
   gathered: wild plants, seeds & roots
   fished with traps & nets in the Colorado River
   trapped small animals (rabbits, skunks, beavers)
Clothes: for hot weather Men - cloth tied around the hips
   Women - knee length skirts of willow bark, shirts of beaver & rabbit skin in winter
Homes: no villages, built near good soil for farming, made from willow poles covered with grasses
Made: clay pots & wove baskets to cook & store food in

Summary:
Pomo - hunted & fished
Maidu - built lodges & gathered acorns
Gabrielino - built boats & cooked in baskets
Mojave - grew crops & made clay pots

Social Studies Ch 3, Lesson 1 Outline

Social Studies Chapter 3, Lesson 1: Tribes of California

Vocabulary: Tribe,
Who were the early American Indians in California?Language, Shelter California Indian tribes were different because they were smaller
Indians lived in small villages. Several villages made up each tribe. Some tribes only used villages for a short time because they moved to find food.
California’s 4 Main Geographical Groups of Tribes:- Because the tribes in each group lived in the same type of environment, their lives were alike in many ways. For example they may have eaten the same foods and made the same type of houses and clothes.
1. Northern CoastNatural Resources they used: cedar & redwood trees, fish, & forest animals
Their climate was a lot of rain and cool weather
Their houses were strong
They made tightly woven basket caps, people wrapped themselves in capes or blankets made from animal skins
Names of tribes who lived there Yurok, Hupa, Karuk, Pomo,
& Wiyot.
2. Central Valley and Mountain - biggest group / they had the most land, stayed in the Valleys during the winter/mountains in the summerNatural Resources they used: animals, acorns, berries, seeds, nuts, & fish
Their climate was mild (in the middle - not too hot or too cold)
Their houses were simple
They made simple clothing
Names of tribes who lived there: Miwok, Maidu, & Yokuts 3. Southern CoastNatural Resources they used: fish, deer, rabbits, woodland animals, acorns
Their climate was mild
Their houses were rounded, made of grass (tule)
They made canoes to travel by water, clothing made from grass (tule)
Names of tribes who lived there Chumash, Gabrielino (Tongva)
4. DesertNatural Resources they used: insects, seeds & beans - some lived by the Colorado River & farmed
Their climate was hot & dry
Their houses were simple, made just for shade/to keep the sun off of them
They made baskets
Names of tribes who lived there Mojave, Serrano, & Cahuilla

Social Studies Test Ch 2 Study Guide

Here are the "short answer" answers from the Social Studies Study Guide incase you need them!

12. Irrigation is important to communities that have no water near them because they need water for their homes or farms.
13. Communities develop near natural resources because they use them for everyday life. Brea developed near oil.
14. We will never run out of wind and solar power. Wind and solar power don't pollute the environment, but oil and fuel do.
15. Dams can bring electricity to nearby cities & farms, they can create reservoirs, and they can prevent floods.
16. Recycling helps us to not waste our natural resources, it cuts down on pollution, and there will be less trash in our landfills.

Social Studies Ch 2 Quiz Retake

bay: a body of water, connected to the ocean enclosed by land
Canal: waterway dug across land
aqueduct: large pipe that carries water from one place to anotheragriculture: growing of crops & raising of animals for sale
energy: the power that makes electricityNatural resource: something that is from nature that people can useirrigation: moving water to dry areas
fuel: a natural resource that is burned to make heat or electricityminerals: natural resource found inside earth  ** Examples: gold, silver, boron, tungsten, talc, salt & copper
 Where is there lots of water in California? mountains
Little water? dessert & southern valleys
Eureka - trees
Brea - oil
Fresno - farms/ agriculture
Morro Bay - fish
Altamont Pass - wind
Energy in California: solar (sun) & wind

Social Studies Ch 2 Quiz Notes

Social Studies Chapter 2 Quiz Study Guide: People & Their Environment

Vocabulary

Agricultural	the growing of crops and the raising of farm animals for sale
Mineral	a kind of natural resource found inside Earth
Fuel	a natural resource that is burned to make heat or electricity
Aqueduct	large pipes that carry water from one place to another
Canal	a waterway dug across land
Irrigation	the moving of water to dry area
Bay	a body of water that is part of a sea or ocean and is partly enclosed by land
Energy	the power that makes electricity

Lesson 1: Natural Resources

            1. On the land

                        trees: paper, building furniture & houses, and to burn for heat

                        soil: agriculture (farming) - artichokes & peaches, turkeys & cattle (cows) dairy & beef

            2. Inside the Earth = Minerals & Fuel

                        gold: tooth fillings, gold bars (money), trophy, jewelry

                        salt: used to make food taste better

                        boron: make soap, medicine & cleaning products

                        tungsten: electric lights & T.V.s

                        oil/gasoline: run cars

                        natural gases: burned to make heat or electricity found in Central Valley & along the coast

            3. Water!

                        not evenly spread out in California - deserts & southern valleys are dry

                        mountains have a lot of water

                        human-made features that help us move water across Ca

                        - aqueducts: large pipes & canals

                        - canal

                        Fresh water is in lakes & underground

Lesson 2: Using our Resources

What to Know: What are some ways in which people use the natural resources of their area every day?

-           Communities are built near resources

-           Californians use their resources in many ways

California is rich in natural resources. People use natural resources to meet their needs. Communities are often built near certain natural resources.

A.        Communities built near Water

1. Many people live near the coast in communities like Morrow Bay

2. What reasons might people settle near Morro Bay?

B.         Communities built near Resources

Know what communities are built near different resources.

1. Californians have learned to use the wind’s energy

They get energy from the wind as they get energy from natural resources such as oil and gas. They use solar, or sun, power for energy.

Summary: Many communities in California grew up near resources. Californians continue to find new ways to use natural resources.